The treatment of HIV has changed substantially over the past 15 years and multiple new medications have been approved to add to the arsenal for treatment of those infected with HIV. This session will include a review of the natural history of HIV, the target sites for those drugs with current FDA approval, and the current DHHS guidelines for HIV therapy – including timing of initiation of therapy, indications for changing therapy, and consideration of co-morbid conditions.
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The purpose of this session is to describe issues related to treatment adherence for HIV-infected individuals. Predictors of adherence will be reviewed and the importance of, and methods for assessing, medication readiness will be discussed. Biopsychosocial theories will be used to help explain barriers to treatment adherence, and important legal and ethical considerations will be highlighted. Models of intervention for improving adherence will be presented.
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Prevention of Opportunistic Infections and Immunizations in HIV-infected Adults
Ayesha Mirza, MD

Prevention is an integral aspect of HIV care in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. This lecture will provide information on currently recommended prophylactic regimens for the most common opportunistic infections seen in HIV-infected individuals. Apart from medications, vaccines also provide an excellent opportunity to avert routine as well as opportunistic infections. We will discuss currently available vaccines and their indications for use in HIV-infected individuals keeping their degree of immunosuppression in mind.
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Hepatitis Co-Infection
Sandra G. Gompf, MD

As the long-term survival in HIV infection has improved, chronic illnesses such as hepatitis have emerged as significant agents of co-morbidity and early mortality. The speaker will present an overview of the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in HIV and recommendations for screening and prevention. Treatment of hepatitis B and C continues to evolve, especially in HIV.
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Current Issues with Sexually Transmitted Infection Management for the HIV Provider (Track:- Medication/Pharmacy- Related Topics)
John F. Toney, MD

Accurate identification of STDs and effective clinical management strategies based on current treatment guidelines are a major component in the effort to advance HIV prevention strategies. Routine STD screening using diagnostic studies leads to effective diagnosis and treatment. Clinical guidance based on open dialog includes education and counseling to reduce the risk of acquiring STDs along with evaluation, treatment and counseling of sexual partners.
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Drug Interactions (Track:- Medication/Pharmacy- Related Topics)
Linda Kam, PharmD, BCPS

This session will outline common drug interactions encountered in the management of HIV infection including medications that may be co-administered in the management of a patient’s other disease states. A discussion on how drug interactions are used to maximize HIV therapy will be included. Mechanisms used to manage commonly encountered antiretroviral drug interactions will be introduced.
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Why is this Combination Failing? HIV Resistance (Track:- Medication/Pharmacy- Related Topics)
Ernesto J. Lamadrid, MD

The advances in the science of HIV allow us to identify the mutations present when a patient fails antiretroviral therapy. The resistance tests available today are genotype and phenotype. During this session we will learn the basics of these tests, how/when to use them in clinical practice and how to interpret them. We will also review the most common mutations related to the specific antiretrovirals.
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